| The Golden Gate Bridge
links San Francisco with Marin County in absolute splendor. The bridge
is one of the architectural marvels of the Twentieth Century and a testament
to human strife, as it was constructed during the years of the Great Depression.
For years, the Golden Gate Bridge held the title as the longest suspension
bridge in the world.
Before
its completion in 1937, the bridge was considered impossible to build,
due to persistently foggy weather, 60-mile-per-hour winds, and strong ocean
currents, which whipped through a deep canyon below. In fact, the bridge
is commonly known as the "Bridge that couldn't be built." Despite these
unforgiving natural elements, the bridge was constructed in a little more
than four years. The total cost was $35 million. The total length of the
bridge spans 1.2 miles. Eleven men lost their lives during the construction
of the bridge.
Even today, the massive
spans of the bridge are often shrouded in fog. The bridge sways 27 feet
to withstand winds of up to 100 miles per hour. International Orange was
the color chosen for the bridge because it blended well with the bridge's
natural surroundings. The two great cables extending from the bridge contain
80,000 miles of steel wire, which is enough to circle the equator three
times. The concrete poured to cement the bridge into the stormy waters
below could have also been used to pave a five-foot sidewalk from New York
to San Francisco.
Because
of the Golden Gate Bridge, San Francisco is one of the premier skyline
cities in the nation. It was a triumphant day in the history of the city
when the bridge was completed on May 27, 1937. Over 200,000 people celebrated
the grand opening of the Golden Gate Bridge by walking its length. The
following day, a dedication ceremony was held to officially christen what
would become the architectural trademark of the city. The regular flow
of vehicular traffic began the next day.
Efforts to begin the construction
on the bridge began as early as 1928. The process would entail the efforts
of six counties in Northern California. In 1928, the counties formed a
Golden Gate Bridge and Highway District. In 1930, the voters appropriated
a $35 million bond issue to finance the building of the bridge. For many
years following, Joseph Baerman Strauss, a distinguished engineer, dreamed
of raising a span across the Golden Gate. It
was in response to his vision that people first started saying that the
bridge could not be built. But, amazingly enough, Strauss held fast to
his vision, and a span was eventually raised across the Golden Gate Bridge.
The actual work on the bridge began on January 5, 1933. It was completed
four-and-one-half years later. The result astounded the fiercest of Strauss's
critics. To this day, the bridge is admired for its magnitude and beauty.
The
bridge is nothing short of a powerful force meant to combat nature. The
often mighty winds from the Pacific Ocean are sustained by a mid span swing
of 27 feet. The two towers of the bridge rise an impressive 746 feet, which
is 191 feet taller than the Washington Monument. The pier of the bridge
is only 1,215 feet from the shore, the distance between the two towers
that support the cables, which in turn, support the floor of the bridge
is 4,200 feet. These two cables are the largest bridge cables ever made
at a little over 361 feet in diameter.
Today, pedestrians and bicyclists
are still allowed to cross the bridge on pathways with breathtaking views
of the city, Alcatraz, and the Marin Headlands. The bridge toll for vehicles
is $3 when entering San Francisco.
The first exit of the Marin
side of the bridge is Visa Point, which provides a magnificent view of
the San Francisco skyline. But, the best way to view the bridge is to walk
across. This usually takes about an hour. |